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[Utility & Helpers](/categories/utility) 4. / 5. cucumber/messages ActiveLibrary[Utility & Helpers](/categories/utility) cucumber/messages ================= JSON schema-based messages for Cucumber's inter-process communication v33.0.4(1w ago)0254.0k—3.4%2MITPHPPHP ^8.4 Since Mar 24Pushed 3w ago5 watchersCompare [ Source](https://github.com/cucumber/messages-php)[ Packagist](https://packagist.org/packages/cucumber/messages)[ RSS](/packages/cucumber-messages/feed)WikiDiscussions main Synced 2d ago READMEChangelogDependencies (15)Versions (46)Used By (2) Cucumber Messages ================= [](#cucumber-messages) This is a PHP implementation of the [Cucumber Messages protocol](https://github.com/cucumber/messages) Requirements ------------ [](#requirements) - PHP 8.1 - Ext-JSON Installation ------------ [](#installation) Install using [composer](https://getcomposer.org). ``` composer require cucumber/messages ``` Usage ----- [](#usage) ### Consuming messages [](#consuming-messages) Cucumber Messages are contained in a top-level Envelope object when serialised. Members are exposed via public readonly properties. Because many properties are nullable, it may be convenient to use the [nullsafe operator](https://www.php.net/releases/8.0/en.php#nullsafe-operator) to access them: ``` /** @var string|null $line */ $line = $envelope->gherkinDocument?->feature?->keyword; ``` #### Decoding JSON strings [](#decoding-json-strings) You can construct an Envelope from a JSON string: ``` use Cucumber\Messages\DecodingException; use Cucumber\Messages\Envelope; try { $envelope = Envelope::fromJson($json); } catch (DecodingException $e) { // handle the error } ``` #### Handling NDJSON Streams [](#handling-ndjson-streams) Cucumber Messages are streamed as Newline Delimited JSON (NDJSON). You can use the `NdJsonStreamReader` to obtain a Generator that produces Envelopes. It's important to remember that any decoding errors will be thrown as the generator is consumed, not when it's returned. ``` use Cucumber\Messages\DecodingException; use Cucumber\Messages\Streams\NdJson\NdJsonStreamReader; use Cucumber\Messages\Envelope; $fh = fopen('messages.ndjson', 'r'); $reader = new NdJsonStreamReader($fh); /** @var Generator $envelopes */ $envelopes = $reader->envelopes(); try { foreach ($envelopes as $envelope) { /** @var Envelope $envelope */ // process the message } } catch (DecodingException $e) { // handle any errors here } ``` ### Producing messages [](#producing-messages) All arguments of a Cucumber Message are optional, but any non-nullable fields will have default values. Because Messages tend to have a large number of arguments, it's recommended to use named fields to construct them: ``` use Cucumber\Messages\Envelope; use Cucumber\Messages\TestCaseFinished; use Cucumber\Messages\Timestamp; $envelope = new Envelope( testCaseFinished: new TestCaseFinished( timestamp: new Timestamp( seconds: 100 ) ) ); ``` #### Encoding a JSON string [](#encoding-a-json-string) An Envelope can be encoded as a JSON string: ``` $json = $envelope->asJson(); ``` Do *not* `json_encode()` the object externally, as the correct encoding options may not be set. #### Producing JSON streams [](#producing-json-streams) Cucumber Messages are streamed as Newline Delimited JSON (NDJSON). You can use the NdJsonStreamReader to write the contents of list of Envelopes to a stream. ``` use Cucumber\Messages\Streams\NdJson\NdJsonStreamReader; $fh = fopen('php://stdout', 'w'); $writer = new NdJsonStreamWriter($fh) // write a fixed array of envelopes $envArray = [ new Envelope(gherkinDocument: new GherkinDocument()), new Envelope(gherkinDocument: new GherkinDocument()), ]; $writer->write($envArray); // write lazily-evaluated envelopes $envGenerator = (function() { while ($envelope = Database::fetchNextEnvelope()) { yield $envelope; } })(); $writer->write($envGenerator); ``` ### Health Score 62 — FairBetter than 99% of packages Maintenance97 Actively maintained with recent releases Popularity35 Limited adoption so far Community24 Small or concentrated contributor base Maturity79 Established project with proven stability Bus Factor3 3 contributors hold 50%+ of commits How is this calculated?**Maintenance (25%)** — Last commit recency, latest release date, and issue-to-star ratio. Uses a 2-year decay window. **Popularity (30%)** — Total and monthly downloads, GitHub stars, and forks. Logarithmic scaling prevents top-heavy scores. **Community (15%)** — Contributors, dependents, forks, watchers, and maintainers. Measures real ecosystem engagement. **Maturity (30%)** — Project age, version count, PHP version support, and release stability. ### Release Activity Cadence Every ~35 days Recently: every ~29 days Total 45 Last Release 9d ago Major Versions v28.1.0 → v29.0.02025-09-08 v29.0.1 → v30.0.02025-09-08 v30.1.0 → v31.0.02025-11-18 v31.2.0 → v32.0.02026-01-21 v32.3.1 → v33.0.02026-02-27 PHP version history (2 changes)v18.0.0PHP ^8.1 v33.0.3PHP ^8.4 ### Community Maintainers ![](https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/e7c4612e19ba73b517d8c3e15890af6687f8a206eb56676c1714209534378429?d=identicon)[ciaranmcnulty](/maintainers/ciaranmcnulty) ![](https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/5459659?v=4)[Cucumber Bot](/maintainers/cukebot)[@cukebot](https://github.com/cukebot) --- Top Contributors [![mpkorstanje](https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/6946919?v=4)](https://github.com/mpkorstanje "mpkorstanje (14 commits)")[![ciaranmcnulty](https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/237866?v=4)](https://github.com/ciaranmcnulty "ciaranmcnulty (12 commits)")[![davidjgoss](https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/3192745?v=4)](https://github.com/davidjgoss "davidjgoss (11 commits)")[![renovate[bot]](https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/in/2740?v=4)](https://github.com/renovate[bot] "renovate[bot] (8 commits)")[![aurelien-reeves](https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/24386780?v=4)](https://github.com/aurelien-reeves "aurelien-reeves (7 commits)")[![jkronegg](https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/2843894?v=4)](https://github.com/jkronegg "jkronegg (2 commits)")[![luke-hill](https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/20105237?v=4)](https://github.com/luke-hill "luke-hill (1 commits)")[![ehuelsmann](https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/2326559?v=4)](https://github.com/ehuelsmann "ehuelsmann (1 commits)")[![clrudolphi](https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1702962?v=4)](https://github.com/clrudolphi "clrudolphi (1 commits)")[![stof](https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/439401?v=4)](https://github.com/stof "stof (1 commits)") ### Code Quality TestsPHPUnit Static AnalysisPsalm Code StylePHP CS Fixer Type Coverage Yes ### Embed Badge ![Health badge](/badges/cucumber-messages/health.svg) ``` [![Health](https://phpackages.com/badges/cucumber-messages/health.svg)](https://phpackages.com/packages/cucumber-messages) ``` ### Alternatives [webpatser/laravel-uuid Laravel integration for webpatser/uuid - High-performance drop-in UUID replacements (15% faster than Ramsey). 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